Kidneys
are vital organs of our bodies. A primary part of the urinary system,
the kidneys play a major role in producing urine, regulating blood
pressure, filtering blood and producing certain hormones essential
for healthy functioning of the human body. The kidneys also supply
blood to the renal arteries and receive about 20% of the total
cardiac output. This is the reason why any malfunctioning in any part
of the kidneys, can cause the health of a person to start
deteriorating very fast.
In
most kidney diseases, a part of the organ, called Nephron, is
affected. Nephrons are functional units of the kidney and help in
filtering the blood. They separate the waste, excreting them in the
form of urine, while absorbing the required nutrients. In a healthy
human being, the kidneys may have anywhere from 800,000 to 1.5
million nephrons. They also help in removing extra water from the
bloodstream along with releasing substances like potassium and sodium
to the body when it runs low on it. It is also said that Nephons
perform most of the functions of the kidneys. Hence when the normal
functioning of the Nephons is disturbed, the kidneys are adversely
affected.
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